Showing posts with label Conflict Resolution. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Conflict Resolution. Show all posts

Sunday, February 24, 2019

MSLD 632 Module 7 - Collaborative Decision Making



Collaborative Decision Making

            
Resolution, according to Levine (2009) involves a common agreement where everyone has the sense of winning, although the parties perhaps have the feeling of not getting all they wanted. Resolution requires (Levine, 2009):

1.      Moving from conflict to a workable agreement, a dynamic context for action and cooperation.

2.      Honoring everyone’s concerns.

3.      Taking actions that put the conflict and its impact to rest.

4.      Committing to ongoing relationships.

5.      Getting beyond everyone’s emotional positions.

6.      Establishing a vision for the future that lets go of blame, punishment, and damages and recognizes others’ value.

7.      Recognizing new practices essential for the success of ongoing relationships.

8.      Being willing to learn, having the courage to change, and the compassion to forgive.

            I recall a decision I made 10 years ago, which brought me back to the agreement requirements mentioned above, where I involved all stakeholders and in which I achieved my goals.

I was managing the leisure and sports department of a five stars beach resort. It was high season, and we had an average of 1000+ guests, including 300 children in the hotel every week, for a period of one entire month (the higher occupation of the year). My high season team was a group of 20 employees (registered and free lancers), while during low season this number dropped to half (only registered staff). The resort has required employees in high season to work extra hours without days off, provided those hours would be compensated in the low season to come. It was difficult as a manager to imply this condition, as I did not agree with that. I have done their job, in the same organization, while in their position, and I knew the costs of working that long hours and the condition provided to employees, but I needed to follow. There was no openness for dialogue between management and director board.

            The directors were three brothers, who did not share the same opinion and constantly changed small decisions without communicating with each other, and soon it was another conflict coming up. The director I responded directly to was a person with low flexibility, mood swings and arrogance, that almost every employee was afraid to address to or to greet him. Then, a day in high season, my best and permanent employee made a mistake and broke one rule, just to have that director watching her. I was called in his office immediately. I waited for him to calm down, and I listened, as he spoke up all his anger, his concerns and his frustration with that employee. When he finished, I started. I apologized on her behalf, and said I agreed with his anger, and understood the foundation of his decision. Then I explained she was my best and complete employee, working with group of all ages, with high energy, with the profile the department requires, with perfect attendance, and whom never caused an issue, among other strengths. He started again, saying that what she did was unacceptable, although I knew it was not jeopardizing safety or would impact highly on the brand, but that specific mistake was a touching on his core service brand. I concluded just asking for a chance to prove him she deserved the job and guaranteeing that mistake would never happen again.

            I did not consult the employee before the conversation, but I was working with her long enough to know her values and her professional goals. In the worst case, I could drop my request to the director. He accepted my request and shouted again while asking to make sure I would keep with my words, because he was giving me a vote of trust. He held me accountable for the agreement we made. I left the meeting, just to start another one with her. I went through all my conversation with the director, and she agreed she made a mistake and would not repeat it. I consulted her, if I could really deserve his trust at that moment, knowing how important it is in a professional environment and how rare it is coming from this director.

            High season was over, and all went smooth among the three of us from that point on. I was called in the office by him again, to be praised by our performance as a team, and the conflict we had previously was not brought to the table. On the employees’ dinner I received a prize for best employee of the hotel in that year, which for me represented the success of my daily decisions, as the one mentioned.

            I believe I went through all the requirements listed by Levine (2009), except requirement 7, although some clearer than others, and I have learnt few lessons from it:

1.      To be physically present in my work environment to ensure I am aware of the real conflict, and not only the ones I have heard of.

2.      To be brave to give my word on behalf of the employee, as it shows accountability for my leaders, and trust and partnership with my subordinate.

3.      To move from the inevitable emotional based mindset.

4.      To focus on the resolution and not on the problem.

5.      Reconsider who are all the possible stakeholders.



To conclude, I believe that agreement is possible when all parties want a real resolution, and resolution is possible when structured leadership ranks does not go beyond the common goal of the organization.



Reference

Levine, S. (2009). Getting to Resolution: Turning Conflict into Collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Berett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.

Sunday, February 17, 2019

MSLD 632 Module 6 - The High Cost of Conflict



The High Cost of Conflict

            Resolution, presented by Levine (2009), is the best alternative to conflict. Resolution is not about winning or losing, and as so, both parts need to have a similar feeling and conclusion after the resolution alternative is found and put in practice. Levine highlights the high costs of conflict to reinforce the reason behind the resolution as the most effective solution. According to the author, the cost of conflict is composed of the following:

1.      Direct cost: fees of lawyers and other professionals.

2.   Productivity cost: value of lost time (the opportunity cost of what those involved would otherwise be producing).

3.   Continuity cost: loss of ongoing relationships including the “community” they embody.

4.   Emotional cost: the pain of focusing on and being held hostage by our emotions (being described as the heaviest/highest one and the main reason to look for real resolution).

            Resolution starts with the mindset. The willingness to not simply resolve but to resolutely find out what is going on the other parts’ mind, seeking for a solution in which both benefit of the outcomes. Levine (2009) calls the first step of Resolution as Developing the Attitude of Resolution, which means choosing to think differently by listening, sharing concerns, and knowing there is an agreement waiting to be discovered. On the third step, listening is part of its title: Listening for a Preliminary Vision of Resolution.

            Going through all steps, it is clearly that dialog and communication is the main key of this apparently complex process. After the mind is set with openness and desire to find a solution which both parts genuinely agree on, conversation comes next and go until the end of the resolution process. I often witness several books published regarding communication, but I found that listening it is still a topic which lacks attention on the field. Headlee (2015) reinforces the importance of active listening during a conversation, a subject that MindTools (2015) covers on a summarized, but relevant article. MindTools mentions that active listening involves 5 attitudes to be effective:

1.      Pay attention – put your thoughts or hold

2.      Show that you are listening – give verbal and visual signs of presence on the dialogue.

3.      Avoid interrupting – wait for the story to be completed and respect the time necessary to be delivered

4.      Defer judgement – do not jump to conclusions

5.      Respond Appropriately – be mindful when asking, commenting and suggesting



Levine (2009) says how crucial it is listening in the process of resolution, listening without interruption, listen to genuinely understand the other’s point of view and feeling, listening for equal transforming outcome. This brings to my memory a recent experience I had, not involving a conflict, but simply a chat about a deep subject. One of my colleagues at work was asking for suggestion for sightseeing with her father, who was coming over for 3 days to visit the town we live in. I first asked if he was coming alone, she confirmed in a normal tone, but something in her eyes made me assume there was something else she was not comfortable on sharing. I let her talk, and soon she shifted the conversation to her father’s traits as a human and as a tourist. I have never met that colleague before, so it was interesting listening to personal perspective about someone so close to her in such a deep way. 
All my suggestions did not fit her father’s style or expectations, and she kept saying he was different, hard to please and so on. I was tempted to interrupted and ask why and how he described her, but I controlled and let her talk. In this experience was easy because I didn’t want to invade her space and make her uncomfortable about sharing something too personal. I decided then to keep giving attention, and show I was listening, avoiding interruption or judging. Usually suggestions and question run into my mind, and I play stories and often I get distracted by my thoughts. This day I decided to listen, just listen and try to focus on the conversation as a listener.

It worked out and out of the blue she shared that her mother passed away recently, so that factor made it harder to please her father in every sense. This information changed completely my point of view on the conversation, and even my suggestions for their trip. Then I made a comment of how perhaps I would behave, and that I could not imagine how hard is for her to deal with that situation and to decide about keeping her job, since it keeps her away from her father. She concluded the conversation saying that this reaction is only possible to find out when faced directly the reality. The nicest part of listening was giving her the opportunity to share her struggles, her pain, her expectation from that point on in her life, and to listen to her expectation from people around her, how everyone around her did not respond appropriately to that expectations.   

            Listening was powerful, the greatest tools on that conversation, and I have learnt that it creates not simply an opportunity to the one’s speaking, but to the listeners to shift their idea and perspectives. It has been so different from how I usually behave in a conversation. It was a new experience to control my thoughts and hold my words (something I am practicing in my marital relationship lately), to simply listen, fully there, trying to empathize and understand the deep emotional costs of that self-conflict my colleague was going through.

            Empathizing is possible through listening (verbal and visual communication). Empathizing perhaps runs parallel to active listening. Paul Ekman (2010) and Joan Halifax (2010) brings the subject in an interesting way, talking about the power of empathy with deep illustrations. Empathy and not sympathy, can be reached through active listening, and I believe it to be crucial and the real foundation of the communication process which can lead to real resolution.



References

Ekman, P. (2010). The roots of empathy and compassion. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AgvKJK-nrk, on February 17, 2019.

Halifax, J. (2010). Compassion and the true meaning of empathy. Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/joan_halifax?referrer=playlist-how_to_tap_into_our_collective_empathy#t-6651, on February 17, 2019.

Headlee, C. (2015). 10 Ways to have a better conversation. Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/celeste_headlee_10_ways_to_have_a_better_conversation?referrer=playlist-the_art_of_meaningful_conversa, on February 15, 2019.

Levine, S. (2009). Getting to Resolution: Turning Conflict into Collaboration. San Francisco, CA: Berett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.

MindTools (2015). Active Listening. Retrieved from https://www.mindtools.com/CommSkll/ActiveListening.htm, on February 15, 2019.